The Gandules tree, commonly known as the pigeon pea (scientific name: Cajanus cajan), is a perennial legume that is native to the Indian subcontinent and widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions. The tree typically reaches a height of 1 to 4 meters and has a bushy, spreading growth habit. Its leaves are trifoliate, with each leaflet being oblong and slightly hairy. The tree produces small, yellow flowers which are often followed by pods containing several seeds.
The pods are green when young and turn brown as they mature. The seeds inside are usually round and can be green, yellow, or brown. Gandules are known for their drought tolerance and ability to improve soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. They are cultivated for their edible seeds, which are a staple in many cuisines, especially in Caribbean, Indian, and African dishes. The seeds can be used fresh, dried, or processed into flour. Additionally, the plant is used as fodder for livestock and in agroforestry systems for soil conservation.
